12) Medeni Hukuk - 4 | Fiil Ehliyeti | KPSS-Vatandaşlık | İsmail ERYILMAZ - 2026

Introduction and Definition of Legal Capacity00:00:02

Explanation of legal capacity as the power to create obligations and legal consequences through one's own actions, establishing its importance for civil law examinations.

Conditions of Legal Capacity00:02:23

The three fundamental conditions to possess legal capacity: having power of discernment (temyiz kudreti), not being legally restricted (kısıtlı), and being of age (reşit).

Restriction (Kısıtlılık) and Representation00:05:34

Reasons for court-ordered restrictions (mental health, substance abuse, bankruptcy, etc.), the role of guardians (vasi) and trustees (kayyım), and clarifying that 'minority' is not a restriction reason.

Maturity (Erginlik) and Special Circumstances00:14:03

Standard age of majority (18), and special cases such as marriage (ordinary at 17, extraordinary at 16 with court permission) and court-granted emancipation (kazai rüşt at 15).

Classification of Legal Subjects00:26:00

Categorizing individuals based on conditions: Full capacity (Tam ehliyetliler), Limited capacity (Sınırlı ehliyetliler), Total incapacity (Tam ehliyetsizler), and Limited incapacity (Sınırlı ehliyetsizler).

Detailed Breakdown of Capacity Groups00:30:34

Analysis of the four categories, focusing on how the presence of a legal advisor vs. a representative changes one's status, and how to identify these in exam questions.