Summary
Highlights
Macbeth's ambition is initially described as a horse needing a 'spur' to act. He recognizes his desire to kill Duncan to become king is a 'vaulting ambition' that will lead to his downfall, using biblical language to highlight the sinfulness of his intent and the risking of his soul.
Macbeth exploits Lady Macbeth's ambition and desire for greatness, sending her a letter that appeals to her longing for power. As a woman in a patriarchal society, she can only achieve greatness through her husband. Macbeth strategically uses her as his 'spur' to encourage the murderous plot.
Banquo also exhibits ambition, revealed by his keen interest in the witches' prophecies and his 'royal hope' for his descendants. His dreaming of the 'weird sisters' before Macbeth indicates a deep-seated ambition, with the prophecy of his sons becoming kings being highly influential.
While often seen as good, Banquo's morality is questioned when Macbeth offers him 'honour' if he 'cleave to my consent.' Banquo's ambiguous response, claiming to maintain 'Allegiance clear' while secretly keeping the witches' prophecy to himself, suggests he allows Macbeth's actions to potentially pave the way for his own son's future kingship, revealing a hidden, self-serving ambition.
The witches are also driven by ambition, as revealed by Hecate's criticism that their efforts to influence Macbeth stem from a desire for attention and affection. Hecate explains that Macbeth is a 'wayward son' who only loves for his 'own ends' and will not genuinely love the witches due to their 'ugly' appearance, highlighting a condemnation of the patriarchal society's impact on women and their limited avenues for love and fulfillment.