DECEMBER 2025 CURRENT AFFAIRS | TOP 170 DECEMBER CA 2025 | DECEMBER 2025 MONTHLY CURRENT AFFAIRS |

Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi became the first Indian airport to achieve 'Water Positive Status,' restoring more fresh water than consumed. Ananth Centre of Excellence for Navigation in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, is India's first private sector navigation innovation hub, aimed at boosting indigenous navigation technology for defense and space. The Atal Pension Yojana, launched in 2015, has crossed 8.34 crore enrollments, providing pensions to individuals aged 18-40 after 60 years.

India ranks third in the Asia Power Index 2025, topped by the USA and China. This index, released by the Lowy Institute, considers economic resources, military capability, diplomatic influence, cultural reach, and future resources. India's first fully indigenous MRI scanner, developed by Bengaluru-based VoxelGrids and backed by Zoho Company, is a 1.5 Tesla helium-free dry magnet design, making it 40% cheaper than standard models. It has been installed at the Chandrapur Cancer Care Foundation in Nagpur.

Jharkhand won its first Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy in cricket, defeating Haryana. Anukul Roy from Jharkhand was named Player of the Series. ISRO launched the US's Bluebird Block 2 satellite, a next-generation communication satellite, using the LVM3 M6 rocket, also known as the Bahubali rocket. The satellite was placed in a low Earth orbit from Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.

The 'Viksit Bharat Guarantee for Rozgar and Ajeevika Mission Gramin Bill 2025' (VVG Ramji Bill) replaces the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) of 2005. Introduced by the Ministry of Rural Development, it aims to provide 125 days of guaranteed work for unskilled rural households annually, an increase from MNREGA's 100 days. The funding split is 60-40% between central and state governments, with special provisions for Northeastern and Himalayan states (90-10%) and Union Territories without legislature (100% central funding). Two new wetlands, Kopra Reservoir in Chhattisgarh and Silier Lake in Rajasthan, have been declared Ramsar sites. Kopra is Chhattisgarh's first Ramsar site, while Silier Lake brings Rajasthan's total to five. India now has 96 Ramsar sites, with Tamil Nadu leading at 20.

Diwali has been added to UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage List in December 2025, bringing India's total to 16 elements. Other recent additions include Garba of Gujarat (2023), Durga Puja in Kolkata (2021), Kumbh Mela (2017), Yoga (2016), and Nowruz (2016). Supriya Sahu, Additional Chief Secretary of Tamil Nadu, won the 2025 UNEP Champions of the Earth Award, the highest environmental honor. The annual Dhanu Yatra, the world's largest open-air theatre festival, took place in Bargarh, Odisha, depicting the story of Lord Krishna and King Kansa.

Vaibhav Suryavanshi received the PM Rashtriya Bal Puraskar 2025 in the sports category from President Droupadi Murmu. Twenty children were honored across six categories (Art & Culture, Bravery, Science & Technology, Social Service, Sports, and Environment), each receiving Rs. 1 lakh. India's first 1.0 GHz 64-bit dual-core indigenous microprocessor, 'Dhruv64,' developed by C-DAC Pune, is designed for multi-purpose use in defense, satellites, EVs, mobile phones, and computers. Earlier microprocessors like Shakti (IIT Madras, 2018), Ajit (IIT Bombay, 2018), and Tejas64 (C-DAC, 2025) were developed for specific applications, while Vikram (ISRO, 2025) is for space missions.

India ranks 131st in the Women Peace and Security Index 2025-2026, topped by Denmark and followed by Iceland, with Afghanistan at the bottom. India's score is 0.607. The 'Sabka Bima Sabki Raksha Amendment Insurance Law Bill 2025' was passed by the Lok Sabha, increasing the FDI limit in the insurance sector to 100%, up from 74%. This bill amends various insurance acts and aims for 'Insurance for All by 2047.'

The Prime Minister's Office (PMO) has been renamed 'Seva Teerth' to reflect service-oriented governance. Other significant name changes include Rajpath to Kartavya Path, North and South Blocks to Kartavya Bhavan, Raj Bhavan to Lok Bhavan, Mughal Gardens to Amrit Udyan, and the Nehru Memorial Museum and Library to Prime Ministers' Museum and Library. The world's first ITViasma gene therapy, a one-time replacement therapy for defective SMN1 genes causing spinal muscular atrophy, was administered at Sheikh Khalifa Medical City in Abu Dhabi, UAE.

The 60th All India Conference of Directors General and Inspectors General of Police was held in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, chaired by PM Narendra Modi, with the theme 'Viksit Bharat: Security Dimension.' Veer Bal Diwas is observed annually on December 26 to commemorate the martyrdom of Guru Gobind Singh's sons, who were bricked alive for refusing to convert to Islam. The world's tallest 77-foot bronze statue of Lord Rama was unveiled in Goa by PM Narendra Modi.

India holds the third position globally in rare earth reserves, with 6-7% of the world's total, but contributes less than 1% to production. China and Brazil lead. Rare earth elements (15 lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium) are vital for mobile phones, EVs, wind turbines, and defense systems. President Droupadi Murmu released the Constitution of India in the Santhali language, using the Ol Chiki script, at Rashtrapati Bhavan. Santhali, included in the Eighth Schedule by the 92nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 2003, is spoken in Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, and Bihar.

The 'Shanti Bill 2025' (Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India) provides statutory status to the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), making it directly accountable to Parliament. The bill aims to open the nuclear sector to private companies and achieve 100 GW of nuclear power by 2047. The second WHO Traditional Medicine Global Summit 2025 was hosted in New Delhi by the WHO and the Ministry of AYUSH, with the theme 'Restoring Balance for People and Planet: The Science and Practice of Well-being.' The world's first WHO Global Center for Traditional Medicine was established in Jamnagar, Gujarat.

Renowned Indian sculptor Ram V. Sutar, designer of the Statue of Unity and Statue of Prosperity, passed away at 100. He was honored with the Padma Shri (1999) and Padma Bhushan (2016). Ousmane Dembélé (France) won the Best FIFA Men's Player Award 2025, while Aitana Bonmatí (Spain) won the women's award. Gianluigi Donnarumma (Italy) and Hannah Hampton (England) won Best FIFA Goalkeeper awards.

India's first wildlife-safe road has been created on NH-45 in Madhya Pradesh, passing through the Virangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve, to reduce animal-vehicle collisions. The 'Bharatiya Bhasha Utsav 2025' was organized by the Ministry of Education on the birth anniversary of Mahakavi Subramania Bharati in New Delhi, with the theme 'Many Language, One Emotion.' The 'Gyan Bharatam' initiative by the Ministry of Culture, announced in the Union Budget 2025-26, aims to survey and digitize India's ancient and medieval manuscript heritage.

Belgium won its first Sultan Azlan Shah Cup 2025 in hockey, defeating India in the final, hosted by Malaysia. The UNGA declared December 21 as World Meditation Day, with the theme 'Inner Peace, Global Harmony.' World AIDS Day is observed annually on December 1, with the theme 'Overcoming Disruption, Transforming the AIDS Response.' The disease is caused by the HIV virus.

Param Rudra is Bihar's first supercomputer, inaugurated at IIT Patna. Other notable supercomputers include Param Kamrupa (IIT Guwahati), Param Shakti (IIT Kharagpur), Param Pravega (IISc Bengaluru), Param Ganga (IIT Roorkee), and Param Porul (NIT Tiruchirappalli). Gujarat became a 'Tiger State' after 33 years following a confirmed tiger sighting in the Ratan Mahal Wildlife Sanctuary, Dahod district. The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana, launched in 2000, has completed 25 years, constructing over 7.8 lakh km of rural roads and 10,046 bridges.

India's next-generation Antarctic research station, 'Maitri 2,' will replace 'Maitri 1' in East Antarctica by 2032. India's current modern station is 'Bharati,' while 'Dakshin Gangotri' was decommissioned. Miana Railway Station in Madhya Pradesh won the National Energy Conservation Award 2025, presented by President Droupadi Murmu, from the Bureau of Energy Efficiency. Shikhar Dhawan authored his autobiography, 'The One: Cricket My Life and More.'

The Charaichong Festival was hosted in Majuli, Assam, to revive Asia's first protected royal bird sanctuary. Majuli is the world's largest river island on the Brahmaputra. AIIMS Delhi conducted India's first dedicated clinical trial of an advanced brain stent, a metal tube used to treat severe brain strokes. The World Inequality Report 2026 highlights that India's top 10% earners capture 58% of the national income, while the bottom 50% capture only 15%.

Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal unveiled India's first zero-emission electric tug project, the Green Tug Transition Program (GTTP), to induct 50 all-electric green tugs by 2030 for दीनदयाल Port Authority. Rajasthan became the first state in India to fully digitize voter rolls under the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) program, an initiative by the Election Commission of India. An Indian Air Force operation airlifted a tiger named PA224 from Pench Tiger Reserve (MP) to Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve (Rajasthan), marking the second interstate tiger relocation.

Indian astronomers, including Rashi Jain and Yogesh Vadatkar from the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, discovered a spiral galaxy named 'Alaknanda' using the James Webb Space Telescope. The galaxy is estimated to be 1.5 billion years old. The RBI reduced the repo rate by 25 basis points to 5.25%, with the reverse repo rate at 3.35%. Such monetary policy measures aim to control inflation.

Meghalaya hosted the first regional AI Impact Conference 2025 in Shillong, with the theme 'AI for Citizens' Empowerment.' Swedish pole vaulter Armand Duplantis was named the Men's World Athlete of the Year 2025, while Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone (USA) won the women's award. CAG established a new Centre of Excellence for Financial Audit in Hyderabad to modernize public sector auditing using data analytics, AI, and machine learning. The CAG (Comptroller and Auditor General) is a constitutional body (Articles 148-151) responsible for auditing government income and expenditure. Kundu Sanjay Murty is the current CAG.

RBI identified HDFC Bank, SBI Bank, and ICICI Bank as Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs), recognizing their critical role in the country's economy. According to the IMF, India's UPI (Unified Payments Interface) is the world's largest fast payment system, handling nearly 50% of global real-time payments, with 129 billion transactions this year. UPI was developed by NPCI in 2016.

Indian Railways partnered with IIT Guwahati for an AI-based monitoring system called 'Drishti.' IIT Bombay launched India's first Deep Tech Venture Capital Fund, 'Y Point Venture Capital Fund.' Deepti Sharma became the highest wicket-taker in women's T20 International cricket, surpassing Megan Schutt. Ranjan Prakash Desai was appointed Chairman of the 8th Central Pay Commission, implemented from January 1, 2026, to determine salaries, allowances, and pensions for central government employees. Rakesh Agarwal was given additional charge as Chief of the National Investigation Agency (NIA).

The Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary in Gonda District, Uttar Pradesh, was declared an 'Eco-Sensitive Zone.' Magnus Carlsen won the Open Title at the World Rapid Chess Championship 2025 in Doha, Qatar, while India's Arjun Erigaisi won a bronze. In the women's category, Alexandra Goryachkina of Russia won gold, and India's Koneru Humpy won bronze. Suraj Karishma Tamiri won the Women's Singles title at the 87th Senior National Badminton Championship, and Ritvik Sanjeevi won the Men's Singles title.

India's first Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model medical colleges will be established in Dhar and Betul districts of Madhya Pradesh, aiming to improve healthcare access in tribal areas. The fifth National Conference of Chief Secretaries was held in New Delhi, chaired by PM Narendra Modi. Anu Garg became Odisha's first woman Chief Secretary. PV Sindhu was elected as the Chair of the BWF (Badminton World Federation) Athletes' Commission for 2026-2029.

China opened the Tianshan Shengli Tunnel, the world's longest expressway tunnel at 22.13 km. IIT Delhi developed 'AIla' (Artificially Intelligent Laboratory Agent), an AI agent capable of conducting real scientific experiments. Gujarat became India's top state in rooftop solar power capacity. Mumbai ranked fifth in the Global Food City Rankings 2025-2026, with Naples, Italy, topping the list. Hansi was declared the 23rd district of Haryana, separated from Hisar district.

The 'Rashtra Prerna Sthal,' dedicated to former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, was inaugurated by PM Narendra Modi in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. 'Samudra Pratap' is the Indian Coast Guard's first indigenously built pollution control vessel, constructed by Goa Shipyard Limited and commissioned by Defense Minister Rajnath Singh. Shri Vasudev Devnani authored the book 'Sanatan Sanskriti ki Atal Drishti,' released by Vice President C.P. Radhakrishnan, about Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

India's first Forest University will be established in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. 'Exercise Desert Cyclone 2,' a joint military exercise, was conducted between India and the UAE in Abu Dhabi. Sai Jadhav became the first woman officer to pass out from the Indian Military Academy in Dehradun. 'Ponduru Khadi' from Andhra Pradesh recently received a GI tag. Antônio Costa was elected as the next President of Chile.

J.P. Morgan will set up Asia's largest Global Capability Center (GCC) in Powai, Mumbai. PM Narendra Modi received the 'Great Honor Nishan of Ethiopia,' the highest civilian award from Ethiopia, presented by PM Abiy Ahmed Ali. Ravi Ranjan took charge as the new Managing Director of SBI, which was formed in 1955 with its headquarters in Mumbai. Vijay Diwas is observed annually on December 16 to commemorate India's victory over Pakistan in the 1971 war, which led to the formation of Bangladesh.

Google unveiled 'Project Sun Catcher,' a research initiative aimed at developing solar-powered data centers in space by 2027. India ranks third in Stanford University's Global AI Vibrance Index 2025, after the United States and China. India created history by winning the WSF Squash World Cup 2025 for the first time, defeating Hong Kong in the final held in Chennai. 'Coal Setu' is a single-window platform approved by the Cabinet for fair coal access, aiming to improve transparency and efficiency in coal resource utilization.

The Maharashtra government, in partnership with Microsoft, launched 'MahaCrimeOS AI,' an AI-based crime analytics and investigation platform. India's first indigenous hydrogen fuel cell passenger vessel started commercial service in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. India's first indigenous diving support craft, 'DSC A20,' was commissioned at Naval Base Kochi. Germany won the FIH Men's Junior Hockey World Cup 2025, hosted in Chennai, India, marking its eighth title. India is set to host the first Commonwealth Kho Kho Championship in 2026.

Bank of Baroda was awarded 'Best Bank in India' at the Bankers' Bank of the Year Award 2025. The Ministry of Jal Shakti launched the 'Sujalam Bharat App,' a digital initiative under the Jal Jeevan Mission, for managing rural drinking water supply systems. Jasprit Bumrah became the first Indian bowler to take 100 wickets in each format (Test, ODI, and T20 International) of cricket. Andrej Babis became the new Prime Minister of the Czech Republic.

The 20th UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Session was hosted by India in New Delhi's Red Fort. Italy became the first country to receive UNESCO recognition for its entire national cuisine. India was re-elected to the UNESCO Executive Board for the 2025-2029 term. International Human Rights Day is observed annually on December 10, with the theme 'Human Rights: Our Everyday Essentials.'

Neal Mohan, CEO of YouTube, was named Time's 2025 CEO of the Year. Anant Ambani became the youngest and first Asian to receive the Global Humanitarian Award from the Global Human Society. Raveena Tandon was honored as PETA India's Person of the Year 2025. Maharashtra set a Guinness World Record for solar pump deployment in agriculture, installing over 45,000 agricultural pumps in a month. Sarvagya Singh Kushwaha, a 3-year-old from Madhya Pradesh, became the world's youngest FIDE-rated chess player.

The Department of Post launched 'Dhruva,' a digital hub for reference and unique virtual addresses. The 11th Indian International Science Festival 2025 was held in Panchkula, Haryana, with the theme 'Vigyan se Samriddhi for Atmanirbhar Bharat.' 'Project Mahadev' is a statewide football development program of Maharashtra. International Civil Aviation Day is observed annually on December 7, with the theme 'Safe Skies, Sustainable Future.' 'Harimau Shakti 2025,' a joint military exercise, was conducted between India and Malaysia in Rajasthan.

Fino Payments Bank became the first payment bank to receive RBI approval to convert into a Small Finance Bank. Roman Gofman was appointed as the new Chief of Mossad, Israel's national intelligence agency. Cristiano Ronaldo joined Perplexity AI as an investor and global brand ambassador. Donald Trump was awarded the first FIFA Peace Prize. India and Russia signed the RECLOS (Reciprocal Exchange of Logistics Agreement) to enhance military cooperation and logistical support. Australia's Victoria University is opening its first campus in Gurugram, Haryana. World Soil Day is observed annually on December 5, with the theme 'Healthy Soils for Healthy Cities.' Vikram Sahu was approved by RBI as CEO of Bank of America India.

India, through Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar, assumed the chairmanship of the International IDEA (Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance) for 2026. Indian Navy Day is celebrated annually on December 4 to commemorate 'Operation Trident' during the 1971 Indo-Pak War. Russia is establishing its first African naval base in Sudan. The 'Vayalur Cotton Saree' from Tamil Nadu received a GI tag, along with other products like Kavindabadi Jaggery Powder and Namakkal Soapstone Cookware. Vivek Chaturvedi was appointed as the new Chairman of the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC). India was re-elected to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Council for 2026-2027. Virat Kohli surpassed Sachin Tendulkar for the most centuries in a single format (ODI).

National Farmers Day is on December 23, National Consumer Rights Day on December 24, Good Governance Day on December 25, and International Day for the Abolition of Slavery on December 2. Rohit Sharma broke Shahid Afridi's record for most ODI sixes. Harmanpreet Kaur was appointed PNB's first female brand ambassador. Karnataka launched 'e-Swathu 2.0' for rural property records. IIT Madras and India AI Mission plan a global conclave in Chennai. Leonardo DiCaprio was named Time Magazine's Entertainer of the Year 2025, and Aja Wilson was named Athlete of the Year. Ramesh Ah Babu Praggnanandhaa won the FIDE Circuit 2025. Milan Nedeljković is the new CEO of BMW. Alia Bhatt received the Golden Globe Horizon Award. DBS Bank was named Global Bank of the Year 2025. Lionel Messi's 70-foot iron statue was unveiled in Kolkata. Architects of AI were named Time Magazine's Person of the Year 2025. Shafali Verma won the ICC Women's Player of the Month for November. B. Sai Ram is the new Chairman and MD of Coal India. Veteran Malayalam actor Sreenivasan passed away. Smriti Mandhana became the first Asian to reach 4000 T20 International runs and the second Indian to reach 10,000 International runs. Salim Ahmed assumed charge as Chairman and MD of Rail Vikas Nigam Limited. Khaleda Zia, Bangladesh's first woman Prime Minister, passed away. India's first 24x7 online court opened in Kollam, Kerala. India's first power museum will be built in Patna. India's first deep-sea marine microbial research facility will be set up in Andhra Pradesh. Oxford Dictionaries' Word of the Year for 2025 is 'Respite.'