Heart Failure Medications & Antihypertensives | RN & PN NCLEX - Simplified Pharmacology for Nursing

'C' for calcium channel blockers, they calm the heart. Common examples end in '-dipine' (e.g., nifedipine) or diltiazem (Cardizem), which provide 'zen yoga' for the heart and blood vessels, lowering blood pressure.

The main goal in cardiac care is to increase cardiac output and oxygen supply. The key drugs used, known as the ABCD drugs, aim to calm the heart and lower blood pressure or heart rate, each with a unique mechanism. These are critical for NCLEX.

ACE inhibitors are 'A' for anti-hypertensives, ending in '-pril' (e.g., lisinopril). They reduce blood pressure and pressure on the heart, acting like a 'chill pill' for the heart.

'B' for beta blockers, they block beats by slowing the heart rate, similar to pumping the brakes on the heart.

'D' for digoxin, a cardiac glycoside, causes a deeper contraction and slows the heart rate (negative chronotropic effect). Key nursing considerations include checking apical pulse for 60 seconds before administration, monitoring potassium levels (3.5-5.5 mEq/L), and watching for digoxin toxicity (level >2.0, first signs often vision changes). Hold medication and report if pulse <60 bpm, potassium <3.5, or toxicity is suspected.

Diuretics, the last 'D', help to 'diurese' or dehydrate the body, decreasing blood pressure. Furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide (ending in '-ide') are common potassium-wasting diuretics, meaning they dump potassium. Patients need to increase potassium intake by eating foods like green leafy vegetables, melons, and bananas.

If medications are ineffective, surgery like LVAD (Left Ventricular Assist Device) is a last resort. The video also encourages viewers to access free trials and subscribe for more content.