Fundamentals of criminal law and RPC articles I to 3 PART 2

The session begins with the doctrine of strict construction of penal laws, where laws are interpreted strictly against the government and liberally in favor of the accused in cases of ambiguity.

Explanation of non-facet-reum (the act does not make one guilty unless the mind is also guilty) and the distinction between mala in se (inherently wrong acts requiring criminal intent) and mala prohibita (acts made illegal by statute).

Overview of the principle that ignorance of the law excuses no one, followed by an introduction to the Revised Penal Code (RPC) and its effectivity date of January 1, 1932.

The video discusses how the RPC is based on both classical theory (focusing on retribution and free will proportionality) and positivist theory (focusing on reform and factors like insanity or lack of control over one's actions).