Araling Panlipunan 8 MATATAG Q2 Week 2-2 Tunggalian ng Spain at Portugal

Introduction to the Age of Exploration00:00:16

The period from the 15th century onward marked an era where Europeans sought new trade routes, wealth, and religious expansion. Core concepts defined include exploration, colonization, and the role of missionaries.

Portugal's Lead and Prince Henry the Navigator00:02:31

Portugal led the exploration era thanks to Prince Henry the Navigator. Though he did not sail personally, he established a School of Navigation in Sagres, fostering innovation in cartography and ship design.

Key Portuguese Voyages and Discoveries00:05:48

Bartolomeu Diaz reached the Cape of Good Hope, Vasco da Gama established a sea route to India, and Pedro Alvares Cabral discovered Brazil.

Spanish Explorations and the New World00:06:27

Christopher Columbus, funded by Spain, reached the Americas in 1492. Later, Amerigo Vespucci confirmed these lands were a new continent, which was subsequently named America.

Territorial Agreements: Treaty of Tordesillas and Zaragoza00:07:23

To avoid conflict, Spain and Portugal established the Line of Demarcation. The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) and later the Treaty of Zaragoza (1529) formally divided the world's territories between the two nations.

Consolidation of Power in Asia00:13:10

Alfonso de Albuquerque cemented Portuguese dominance in the Indian Ocean by capturing strategic hubs like Goa, Malacca, and Hormus, ending Muslim and Italian trade monopolies in the region.

Summary of Major Explorers and Milestones00:14:09

A review of historical figures including Balboa (first European to see the Pacific from the East) and the Magellan-Elcano expedition, which achieved the first successful circumnavigation of the globe.