011 Teratogenic

Definition and Types of Teratogens00:00:02

Defines teratogens as substances, infections, or environmental factors that interfere with embryonic development, causing congenital anomalies or pregnancy loss. Key examples include drugs, alcohol, tobacco, infections, radiation, and nutritional deficiencies.

Impact by Fetal Development Period00:01:49

Explains how timing of exposure matters. The pre-embryonic period (0-2 weeks) often leads to pregnancy loss. The embryonic period (weeks 3-8) is critical for structural malformations like neural tube defects. The fetal period (week 9 to birth) focuses on growth restriction and functional impairments.

Common Structural and Developmental Abnormalities00:06:12

Discusses specific conditions such as spina bifida, limb abnormalities, craniofacial anomalies, microcephaly, and hydrocephalus, highlighting the consequences of interrupted organogenesis.

Congenital Infections (TORCH and Zika)00:27:08

Reviews the TORCH acronym (Toxoplasmosis, Other, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes) and Zika virus, emphasizing how these infections cross the placenta and cause severe developmental issues.

Nursing Responsibilities and Prevention00:36:27

Outlines the nurse's role in prenatal care, including assessing substance use (alcohol/tobacco), counseling on safe medication use, ensuring hygiene to prevent infections, and promoting healthy lifestyle practices to ensure a healthy fetal development.