9702/41/M/J/26 - CIE A Levels Physics - May/June 2026 - Paper 4 (A Level Structured Theory Question)

Gravitational Fields00:00:27

Defines gravitational potential, explains why it is negative, derives expressions for planetary mass and field strength, and sketches the variation of gravitational field strength with displacement.

Ideal Gases00:11:54

Defines an ideal gas, compares its use in thermometry against liquid-in-glass and thermocouple thermometers, and calculates root-mean-square speed and thermodynamic temperature using kinetic theory.

Thermodynamics and Internal Energy00:20:48

Explains internal energy for ideal gases, demonstrates PV calculations, and analyzes cyclic processes (A-B-C-A) to determine work done, heat transfer, and internal energy changes.

Electric Fields and Potentials00:34:31

Compares electric fields and potentials in a hydrogen atom, and derives expressions for electric force and potential energy in terms of distance.

Capacitors00:40:40

Defines capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor, derives the expression for capacitors in parallel, and calculates capacitance for series configurations.

Magnetic Fields and Flux Density00:46:40

Defines magnetic flux density, analyzes circular motion of charges in a magnetic field using Fleming's left-hand rule, and determines magnetic flux density for particle paths.

Rectification and Alternating Current00:53:16

Explains half-wave rectification, circuit design for rectification, and the derivation of RMS voltage values for sinusoidal and square wave inputs.

X-rays and Medical Imaging01:01:55

Describes the formation of X-rays via electron deceleration at a target, explains the spectrum of wavelengths produced, and discusses the role of linear attenuation in image contrast.

Nuclear Physics01:09:15

Defines mass defect, uses nuclear data to explain why Thorium-228 is an alpha emitter, and calculates decay energy in mega electron volts.

Astrophysics01:10:40

States Wien's displacement law, calculates the luminosity of the Sun using the Stefan-Boltzmann law, determines radiant flux intensity, and estimates stellar temperature.