Summary
Highlights
Netflix primarily uses AWS for its backend infrastructure, including cloud computing, storage, and global scaling to handle massive user demand. Mobile apps are built with Swift for iOS and Kotlin for Android, while the web platform utilizes React, HTML5, and JavaScript for a dynamic and personalized user experience.
For client-server communication, Netflix employs REST and GraphQL APIs, with GraphQL optimizing data fetching. Microservices, like episodes in a series, communicate via gRPC for scalability and reliability. WebSockets provide real-time updates for notifications and live data. Spring Boot is used for scalable microservices, along with proprietary tools like Netflix Zuul (API gateway) and Netflix Eureka (service discovery).
Netflix handles massive data storage with AWS S3 for video content, while MySQL and Cassandra manage user preferences and streaming information. Big data for recommendations and analytics relies on Apache Kafka for messaging and Apache Flink for real-time stream processing. They also use Redshift, Apache Iceberg, and Druid for large-scale data storage and processing, with Apache Flink, Spark, and Tableau for analytics and reporting.
High-definition content delivery is facilitated by AWS CloudFront and their proprietary Open Connect CDN, which caches content closer to users. AWS S3 serves as the storage backend for video files. AWS Elastic Transcoder converts media into various formats for different devices and internet speeds.
Netflix's DevOps tools include Confluence, Atlas, Spinnaker, and Nebula for automating development and deployment. Titus is their container management platform for deployment and scaling. Atlas monitors performance, ensuring quick issue detection. Development workflows are streamlined with Jenkins for continuous integration, Jira for task tracking, and Spinnaker for automated deployments. Netflix's famous Chaos Monkey is used for testing system resilience by terminating instances in production, ensuring service reliability during failures.