Family Medicine Shelf Cram Session

Review of essential screening guidelines, including AAA screening (age 65, smokers), lung cancer screening (55+, 30-pack year history), colonoscopy (starting at 50, or earlier with family history), Pap smears (starting at 21), mammograms (starting at 40), osteoporosis screening (starting at 65), and vaccinations (zoster, HPV).

Discussion of COPD staging based on FEV1 (mild, moderate, severe, very severe) and management strategies. Albuterol for mild, adding long-acting beta-agonists for moderate, inhaled steroids for severe, and oxygen therapy when O2 saturation is less than 88% or PaO2 is less than 55.

Explanation of gout presentation (acute pain in the metatarsophalangeal joint), diagnosis (uric acid crystals in joint aspiration), and treatment (NSAIDs like indomethacin or colchicine). Also, discussion of Septic arthritis, emphasizing the importance of aspiration, the use of IV antibiotics, as well as chronic gout medications like probenecid and allopurinol.

Overview of initial prenatal care (CBC, urinalysis, STD screening, HIV, hepatitis B, Pap smear, blood typing, rubella), 28-week checks (CBC, diabetes screening, Rhogam shot), and 35-37 week check (Group B strep test).

Discussion of Pap smear results (ASCUS, low-grade, high-grade) and subsequent management (HPV testing, colposcopy, biopsy). Also includes discussion about cervical cancer screening and management.

Key pediatric milestones, including head lifting at 2 months, rolling over at 4 months, sitting up at 6 months, crawling at 9 months, and using single words around 12 months. Also covers vision and hearing testing starting around age 4, dental visits starting at 1 year, and the introduction of solids after 6 months.

Management of acute gastroenteritis (rehydration) and inflammatory diarrhea (stool analysis). Highlights common culprits (Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia) and avoids anti-diarrheals. Discusses C. difficile diagnosis (toxin A and B analysis) and treatment (oral vancomycin). Viral causes of gastroenteritis are also covered such as Norovirus and Rotavirus.

Indication for radiographs based on the Ottawa ankle rules. Also, discussion of hematuria, proteinuria, and rhabdomyolysis.

Discusses hyperthyroidism treatment (methimazole, PTU) and side effects (agranulocytosis). Reviews management changes of thyroid hormone during pregnancy. Discusses thyroid nodules, tests and treatments.

Key concepts in fetal heart rate tracings (normal range, tachycardia, sinusoidal pattern, accelerations) and their clinical significance. Also touches on the first-line treatment on hypercalcemia which is IV fluids.

A review of hyponatremia classification based on tonicity, fluid status, and corresponding treatments (normal saline, hypertonic saline, water restriction). It also touches on fluid resuscitation.

Covers acute otitis media (amoxicillin), otitis externa (Pseudomonas), pneumonia classification and treatment (amoxicillin for typical, macrolide for atypical outpatient), and meningitis (ceftriaxone and vancomycin). Also touches on the presentation and signs of acute bacterial sinusitis.

Distinguishes stable angina (exercise stress test) from acute coronary syndrome (EKG, troponin). Outlines STEMI (immediate cath lab) vs. NSTEMI/unstable angina (TIMI score, MONA therapy). Also touches on drugs that decrease mortality.

Most likely cause of death from CKD and RA are cardiovascular causes. Also touches on blood pressure goals for CKD.

Reviews GI bleeding (colonoscopy for stable, EGD for unstable), diverticulitis (fluoroquinolones and metronidazole), and ulcerative colitis (colon cancer risk, toxic megacolon, primary sclerosing cholangitis). Also reviews microcytic anemia is an older individual.

Covers rust-colored sputum (S. pneumoniae), Legionella (pneumonia + diarrhea + hyponatremia), curb-65 for pneumonia admission. Discusses the diagnosis and treatment of depression (SSRI after 5/9 SIGECAPS symptoms >= 2 weeks).

Normal postpartum bleeding (lochia), mastitis treatment (dicloxacillin), and benefits of breastfeeding. Also touches on contraindications to breastfeeding.

Discusses CHF classification (NYHA classes) and management (ACE inhibitor, beta-blocker, diuretics, digoxin) and medications used based on the severity. Also covers contraindications for OCPS as wells as management of hypertension.

Reviews intussusception (currant jelly stools) and midgut volvulus (bilious vomiting). Discusses the presentations and treatment of each as well as other pediatric GI issues.

Reiterates the importance of ruling out hypothyroidism or B12 deficiency before diagnosing dementia. Discuss and PCOS with key presentation details and recommendation and treatment.

Touches on Migraine headache (POUND criteria) and statin therapy (LDL > 190, ASCVD, diabetics, CVD risk > 7.5%).

Reviews common high-yields pediatric conditions. Highlights include child abuse, hip conditions (SCFE vs LCPD vs septic arthritis), and malignant hyperthermia. Common pediatric virus are also highlighted, such as parvovirus.

Discusses how to handle surgical infection, presentation of RSV in children and difference signs to look for/.

Reviews what to do when colonoscopy finds a polyp and follow-up.