Summary
Highlights
Science originates from the Latin word 'scientia' meaning knowledge. Today, it's defined as a process, system of knowledge, and field of study aimed at understanding the world and explaining everyday phenomena to derive models of reality.
Science is broadly divided into physical sciences (non-living things) and biological sciences (living things). Physical sciences include chemistry, physics, and earth science (astronomy, geology, hydrology, meteorology, oceanography). Biological sciences include botany and zoology, further sub-categorized into anatomy, cytology, physiology, embryology, genetics, taxonomy, and morphology. Other interconnected fields include biochemistry, microbiology, and ecology.
Scientists should possess patience, open-mindedness, honesty, curiosity, hard work, critical thinking, and a search for truth. They use the scientific method to solve problems, which involves identifying the problem, formulating a hypothesis, collecting data through experimentation, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. This method is applicable in daily life, such as a mechanic diagnosing a car problem.
Technology is the practical application of science to benefit humankind, seen in cars, elevators, medicine, and devices. However, science and technology can have negative impacts like environmental pollution, new diseases, global warming, and climate change. It's crucial to wisely discern their advantageous and disadvantageous aspects.