Estructuralismo / escuelas psicologicas / historia de la psicologia / Titchener /psiqueacademica

Structuralism is introduced as the first school of psychology, originating from Wilhelm Wundt's work on sensation and perception, and later systematized by Edward Titchener, who became its main exponent.

For structuralism, psychology is defined as the science of the mind, focusing on mental processes and seeking to understand 'what the mind is' and 'what its contents are'. Titchener delved into sensation and perception, considering them crucial for how information from the environment forms mental content.

Titchener, like Wundt, used introspection as the method. This involved subjects, under controlled laboratory conditions, reporting their conscious mental processes in response to environmental stimuli to understand the elements of the mind.

Structuralism proposed three tasks for psychology: 1) Discovering the elements of perception (the smallest indivisible particles, with Titchener identifying around 30,500 visual perceptual elements). 2) Understanding how these elements associate to form a complete reality. 3) Finding the physiological bases for these associations, a task that remained inconclusive due to a lack of advanced technology at the time.

Structuralism is largely an extinct school, widely criticized for its impracticality and limited applicability to everyday contexts.