El Historicismo de Wilhelm Dilthey - Filosofía del siglo XIX (y XX)

Introduction to Historicism00:00:05

Overview of German social sciences in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, defining historicism as the study of the validity of methods used in humanities or 'sciences of the spirit' as distinct from natural sciences.

Methodological Differences: Explanation vs. Understanding00:01:43

Explanation of why social sciences differ from natural sciences: natural sciences analyze external objects causally, while social sciences rely on the internal 'understanding' of historical subjects and personal experiences (vivencia).

The Role of Types and Expressions00:04:43

Dilthey introduces 'types' as constant character traits that allow for generalization and objective analysis within the subjective realm of history, facilitating the interpretation of internal life through external expressions.

Categories of Historical Reason00:07:08

Analysis of the fundamental categories of historical reason: 'Life', representing human activity across eras, and 'Dynamic Connection', which describes how historical components are interconnected teleologically through values and objectives.

Classification of Metaphysics00:11:24

Dilthey's critique of philosophy, categorizing historical metaphysics into naturalism, objective idealism, and subjective idealism, ultimately concluding that a universal, singular metaphysical system is unattainable.

Legacy and Influence00:13:40

Conclusion on Dilthey's impact on 20th-century hermeneutics and his influence on the work of philosophers like José Ortega y Gasset regarding historical reason.