Summary
Highlights
The video introduces PD 1096, the National Building Code of the Philippines, and its importance in professional practice. It outlines the 21 chapters of the code, covering general provisions, administration, enforcement, permits, types of construction, fire zones, fire systems, building classification, light, ventilation, sanitation, and various construction materials and regulations.
Rule 1 discusses the purpose of the code: to establish minimum standards for building design, materials, construction, and use. It applies to the design, construction, alteration, repair, and demolition of public and private buildings, with exemptions for traditional dwellings and BP220 projects (socialized housing).
The video defines key terms such as 'construction' (all on-site work from site preparation to utility installation), 'addition' (new construction increasing height or area), 'alteration' (changes in materials, partitioning, or openings without increasing overall area), 'renovation' (physical changes to improve value or aesthetics), 'conversion' (change in building use or occupancy), 'repair' (remedial work to restore original condition), 'demolition' (systematic dismantling), and 'ancillary buildings' (secondary structures with incidental use).
Rule 2 details the administration and enforcement of PD 1096. The Secretary of the DPWH (Department of Public Works and Highways) is responsible for policy-making, circulars, prescribing fees, and appointing building officials. Building officials enforce the code, issue or deny permits, conduct inspections, and collect fees. Exemptions from building permit fees include public buildings and traditional family dwellings.
Common violations include unauthorized deviations from plans, non-compliance with work stoppage orders, use of buildings without occupancy certificates, and changes in use without proper certification. Dangerous buildings are categorized by structural, fire, and health hazards, as well as architectural deficiencies. Options for dangerous buildings include declaration, condemnation, or demolition.
A building permit is a written authorization from the building official to proceed with construction. It is required for all construction, alteration, repair, conversion, moving, or demolition. Minor constructions (under 6 sq.m. for private use) and certain repairs and masonry walls not exceeding 1.2 meters in height are exempt. Permit requirements include application forms, land titles, tax declarations, and five sets of plans and specifications signed and sealed by professionals. Permits are typically issued within 15 days of payment.
Article 1723 of the Civil Code states that engineers and architects are liable for 15 years from completion if a building collapses due to defects in plans or the ground. Contractors and supervisors are liable for inferior materials or defects in construction. Permits expire if construction doesn't start within one year or if work is suspended for 120 days. Permits can be suspended or revoked due to errors in plans, incorrect data, or non-compliance with the code. Full-time inspection and supervision by a licensed architect or civil engineer are required.
Rule 4 outlines five types of construction: Type 1 (wood), Type 2 (wood with fire-resistant materials for exterior walls), Type 3 (masonry and wood, with fire-resistant exterior walls), Type 4 (steel, iron, concrete, masonry with combustible interiors), and Type 5 (fire-resistant throughout, with structural elements of steel, iron, concrete, or masonry).
Rule 5 defines fire zones: non-fire restricted (all construction types allowed), fire restricted (Type 1 not allowed), and highly fire restrictive (Types 1 and 3 not allowed). Buildings in multiple fire zones are considered part of the most restrictive zone if one-third of their area falls within it. Rule 6 covers fire resistive requirements, defining fire resistance ratings (time a material can withstand fire) and providing examples for reinforced concrete slabs, masonry, and other materials.