Copyrights 1: Rights & Registration for Writers, Artists & Producers (Intellectual Property Phils.)

The video introduces the topic of copyrights under the Philippine intellectual property code (Republic Act 8293). It defines copyright as an intangible, incorporeal right granted to the author or creator of an original intellectual creation, protected from the moment of its creation.

Copyright protects two main types of works: original and derivative. Original works include a broad range of literary and artistic creations, such as books, articles, music, films, and computer programs. Derivative works are adaptations, translations, or collections derived from original works. The video cites the Pearl vs. Shoe Mart case, clarifying that copyright protects the expression of an idea, not the idea or physical object itself, illustrating the distinction between copyright and patent.

The video outlines works not protected by copyright, including ideas, procedures, systems, methods, concepts, principles, discoveries, mere data, news of the day, official legislative or administrative texts, and government works. While government works are generally not copyrightable, their exploitation for profit requires agency approval, and the government can hold copyrights transferred to it.

Economic rights include the exclusive rights to reproduce the work, create derivative works, publicly distribute the original and copies, rent certain types of works, publicly display the work, publicly perform the work, and other forms of public communication. These rights generally last for the author's lifetime plus 50 years. The author also has an inalienable 'droit de suite' right to receive 5% of gross proceeds from subsequent transfers of the work, with some exceptions.

Moral rights, which cannot be assigned or licensed, include the right to attribution, the right to make alterations or withhold publication, the right to object to any derogatory modification of the work, and the right to restrain the use of their name on works not created by them or distorted versions. The right to attribution is perpetual, while other moral rights last for the author's lifetime plus 50 years.

The video details copyright ownership and duration based on the nature of the work. For original works, the author owns the copyright for their lifetime plus 50 years. Joint ownership follows co-ownership rules. For works made in employment, ownership depends on whether the creation is part of regular duties. Commissioned works typically grant object ownership to the commissioner but copyright to the creator. Audiovisual works have multiple owners. Special rules apply to letters, anonymous/pseudonymous works, works of applied art, photographic works, performances, sound/image recordings, and broadcasts, with varying durations of protection.

Performers, producers of sound recordings, and broadcasting organizations possess neighboring or related rights. Performers have economic rights to authorize broadcasting, fixation, reproduction, public distribution, commercial rental, and making available of their performances. They also have moral rights to attribution and to object to derogatory modifications. Producers of sound recordings have rights to authorize reproduction, public distribution, and commercial rental of their recordings. Broadcasting organizations have rights related to rebroadcasting, recording, and communication of their broadcasts.

While copyright exists from creation, registration with the National Library (and Supreme Court Library for legal works) is available for additional protection, serving as evidence and facilitating enforcement after the author's death. This process is not mandatory for copyright protection but is recommended. A copyright notice with the owner's name and publication year is optional but preferable. Copyrights can be assigned, licensed, or transferred in whole or in part, requiring written agreement and the right to regular statements of account. Joint owners require mutual consent for licensing. The video emphasizes that the copyright is distinct from the physical object of the work.