Summary
Highlights
Sandra Aguinaldo visits the University of Santo Tomas archives to examine the academic records of national hero Dr. Jose Rizal. Archivist Father Fidel Villaroel showcases Rizal's grades in medicine, revealing his excellent performance, particularly in subjects like General Pathology and Therapeutics, Medical Matter, and the Art of Prescribing. Rizal's records indicate he was an excellent student, excelling beyond basic requirements, and even served as an 'externo' or external student in some courses.
The documentary clarifies a common misconception about Jose Rizal's name at UST. Due to fear of persecution associated with the surname 'Rizal' after the GomBurZa martyrdom, Jose Rizal used his mother's maiden name, Mercado, thus appearing in UST records as Jose Protacio Mercado. This section also briefly touches on the founding of UST in 1611 and its historical significance.
One of the most valuable items in the UST archives is a Chinese-Spanish dictionary, printed in the Philippines in 1610 by Chinese printers. This dictionary, crucial for the Dominican friars in evangelizing the Chinese community, is an early example of cross-cultural linguistic work. It contains unique descriptions and interpretations of words, reflecting the interactions between the Spanish and Chinese cultures at the time.
The broadcast highlights the 1744 Murillo Velarde map, an original copy housed in the UST archives. This map is significant as it clearly shows Scarborough Shoal (Panatag Shoal) within Philippine territory, a vital piece of evidence used by the Philippines in its arbitration case against China regarding the West Philippine Sea dispute.
The archives also contain a copy of Jose Rizal's 'Mi Ultimo Adios,' written in his own hand, emphasizing his dedication to the Philippines. Additionally, letters from General Antonio Luna to Apolinario Mabini, written during the Philippine Revolution, are preserved. These letters provide insights into Luna's military strategies and his unwavering commitment to Philippine independence.
The UST library, known as the Heritage Library, houses an immense collection of ancient books, including those from Archbishop Miguel de Benavides' personal library, which formed the foundation of the university's collection. These books, some dating back to 75 AD, are preserved through meticulous restoration efforts. The library also holds a first edition of Rizal's 'El filibusterismo,' emphasizing its significance. Expert conservators explain the delicate process of restoring these aging documents, using specialized techniques and materials like Japanese tissue and methylcellulose to ensure their longevity. The cost of restoring a single book can be as high as 50,000 pesos.
To make these historical treasures accessible to a wider audience, the UST Heritage Library is undertaking a digitization project. Restored documents are scanned and uploaded to the university's website, allowing researchers and students worldwide to access and study these invaluable resources. This initiative ensures that the stories preserved within these pages continue to educate and inspire future generations.