Hispanics' Role in Underground Railroad to Mexico

The Southern Route to Freedom00:00:17

While Juneteenth in Galveston is often associated with the end of slavery in Texas, historians Samuel Collins III and Dr. Juan Govea reveal that enslaved people found freedom by escaping south to Mexico. This occurred decades before Juneteenth and contrasted with the more commonly known northern route to Canada.

Mexico's Stance Against Slavery00:01:04

Mexico had outlawed slavery, making it a desirable destination for freedom seekers. Although some hesitate to call the established escape routes an 'Underground Railroad' akin to the sophisticated network leading to Canada, Dr. Govea asserts that abolitionists were well-organized, facilitating thousands of escapes.

Desperate Measures and Mexican Policy00:01:36

Enslaved individuals sometimes saved for years to pay for passage to Mexico. Even when Texas was Mexican territory, slavery was illegal, leading slave owners to create deceptive contracts that bound people, including young children, to decades of forced labor. In 1857, Mexico amended its constitution, declaring that anyone in its former territory was a Mexican citizen and thus free upon entering Mexican soil.

New Lives in Mexico00:02:24

Upon escaping to Mexico, many formerly enslaved people built new lives. The video highlights examples like two of Sam Houston's former slaves: one became a barber in Matamoros, Mexico, and another became an officer. The historians encourage viewers to explore available books on this topic at their local libraries.