Summary
Highlights
Dr. Rob Saunders introduces an open-plan molecular biology lab, explaining that it serves as a central hub for several research groups conducting basic biochemical and molecular genetic research. He notes that samples often originate from other specialized labs, such as cell culture labs.
A significant part of the lab's work involves analyzing specific biomolecules. The first step is often fractionating samples to separate different cellular components using centrifuges. Different sizes of centrifuges are used to separate biological particles based on size, density, and volume, from small samples to large cell cultures.
The lab bays are equipped with standard instruments used by various research groups, including small centrifuges for micro-volume samples, heating blocks for enzyme reactions at specific temperatures, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) machines. PCR is vital for amplifying small amounts of DNA for analysis, with applications in identifying mutations, cancer research, and forensic biology.
Biological molecules are separated using gel electrophoresis, either with agarose gels for DNA or different matrices for proteins. An electric current is applied to a gel, separating molecules based on their size and charge. Initially, radioactive tracers were used to spot biological material, but now antibodies offer a safer and more specific way to identify proteins.
The tour shows different sizes of agarose gel kits, explaining their use in analyzing PCR amplification outcomes. Researchers check if the PCR worked, if the expected DNA fragment is present, and if it's the correct size and quantity. DNA is visualized by staining with a fluorescent dye that glows orange under UV light. A device that measures UV light absorbance quantifies DNA and protein amounts to ensure sufficient sample for further analysis.
The lab also includes various storage solutions, such as standard -20°C freezers and ultra-low -80°C freezers for long-term storage of materials like bacterial samples and DNA. Liquid nitrogen, used for storing living cells frozen, is kept in a separate lab. Additional equipment includes stereo microscopes for dissecting animal tissues and other general lab tools.
Dr. Rob Saunders concludes the tour, emphasizing the lab's role as the hub of their departmental activities and inviting viewers to explore other specialized facilities on the school's website. Dr. Janet Sumner thanks him for the fascinating tour.