Body Movement Terms Anatomy | Body Planes of Motion | Synovial Joint Movement Terminology

Summary

An educational guide explaining the major movement categories for synovial joints, including gliding, angular, rotational, and special movements, essential for healthcare students and professionals.

Highlights

Gliding Movements00:00:30

Gliding occurs when bone surfaces move over one another in a linear direction, primarily found in the plane joints of the carpals and tarsals, as well as the sacroiliac, acromioclavicular, and intervertebral joints.

Angular Movements (Flexion and Extension)00:01:31

Flexion decreases the angle between two structures, while extension increases it. This section covers these motions across various joints, including the elbow, shoulder, wrist, fingers, hip, knee, spine, and neck.

Abduction, Adduction, and Circumduction00:06:17

Abduction moves a structure away from the midline, while adduction adds it back. Circumduction is a combination of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction to create a circular or conical motion.

Rotation00:10:50

Rotation involves a bone moving around a central axis, similar to a turning screw. This covers lateral and medial rotation at the head, trunk, shoulder, and hip.

Special Movements00:12:57

Covers unique movements including supination/pronation (forearm), dorsiflexion/plantar flexion (foot), inversion/eversion (foot), elevation/depression (jaw/scapula), protraction/retraction (scapula), protrusion/retrusion/excursion (jaw), and opposition/reposition (thumb).