What is 'The Public'? A Historical and Philosophical Exploration

The video begins by discussing the concept of 'the public', which emerged around the time of the French Revolution as democracy replaced monarchy as the source of authority. The 'public sphere' was formed by intellectuals and media elites.

Philosophers like Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Tocqueville shaped early ideas about public opinion, authority, and democracy. They debated how the collective views and pressures of society influence individual actions.

In the 20th century, universal suffrage and mass consumerism led to increased interest in public opinion. Businesses and politicians sought to understand the 'average' person, giving rise to polling and statistics.

Polling methods shaped public opinion by creating an 'average' view. Critics argue that polls can manipulate and channel opinions, with media and corporations having significant influence.

The video concludes by discussing how 'the public' is a symbolic construct, influenced by language, imagery, and societal narratives. The concept serves rhetorical purposes and must be critically evaluated.