Summary
Highlights
X-rays and gamma rays are electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies. X-rays are primarily used to view internal body structures by passing radiation through a patient to a detector plate.
X-rays are absorbed by dense materials like bones, which appear white on images, while softer tissues or air appear black or grey. While useful for medical diagnosis, X-rays involve minor radiation exposure, leading staff to use protective measures like lead aprons.
Gamma rays are used to sterilize medical equipment and food by killing microorganisms without heat damage. Unlike boiling water, gamma rays do not melt plastic equipment or alter the quality of food, extending its freshness.
Both X-rays and gamma rays are ionizing radiation capable of damaging cells. Despite the potential cancer risks, they are essential tools for diagnosing and treating diseases, making the risk-benefit analysis critical for medical practice.