High Yield IM CARDIOVASCULAR Review for Step 2 CK & Shelf Exam

Valvular Disease and Vascular Emergencies00:15:42

Reviews aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation, and aortic dissection. Emphasizes diagnostic steps like CT angiography and the importance of checking renal function.

Stable Angina and Stress Testing00:00:05

Defines stable angina as exertional chest pain relieved by rest. Covers the three types of stress tests (EKG, echo, nuclear) and the criteria for choosing a pharmacologic stress test for patients unable to exercise.

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Management00:02:43

Outlines the management of ACS, including unstable angina, NSTEMI, and STEMI. Explains the importance of EKG, cardiac enzymes, and the use of the TIMI score to determine the need for a cath lab.

Myocardial Infarction Complications and Treatment00:06:53

Discusses specific MI scenarios like inferior wall MI, Dressler syndrome, and heart block. Highlights mortality-reducing medications (aspirin, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors).

Cardiomyopathies and CHF00:09:20

Covers restrictive cardiomyopathy, its causes (hemochromatosis, amyloidosis, sarcoidosis), and the key drugs that reduce mortality in chronic heart failure.

Arrhythmias and Cardiac Emergencies00:11:40

Differentiates between supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia, detailing when to use adenosine, amiodarone, or cardioversion. Addresses cardiac tamponade and pericarditis.

Peripheral Artery Disease and Shock00:19:46

Explains Peripheral Artery Disease diagnosis via the ankle-brachial index and treats claudication. Summarizes management for different types of shock including cardiogenic, septic, and neurogenic.