Human digestive system - How it works! (Animation)

Introduction and Mouth00:00:01

An overview of the digestive organs including the esophagus, stomach, liver, and intestines. Digestion begins in the mouth where teeth break down food and saliva's amylase enzyme starts carbohydrate digestion.

The Esophagus00:01:02

The bolus moves from the mouth through the throat and esophagus. Peristalsis, a muscle-driven movement, ensures food travels to the stomach regardless of orientation.

Stomach Anatomy and Function00:02:06

The stomach uses rugae to expand and gastric glands to secrete protective mucus and digestive juices, including hydrochloric acid and pepsin, which break down proteins and kill harmful bacteria.

Digestion in the Small Intestine00:05:34

Food becomes chyme before entering the duodenum. Here, bile and pancreatic enzymes neutralize acid and break down nutrients, aided by the emulsification of fats.

Absorption of Nutrients00:09:00

The small intestine uses villi and microvilli to significantly increase the surface area for nutrient absorption. Nutrients are transported into the blood or lymphatic systems.

Large Intestine and Excretion00:12:40

The large intestine absorbs water from remaining chyme and utilizes beneficial bacteria to produce vitamins and process fiber before waste is finally excreted through the rectum and anus.